Protein – VectorLabs https://staging.vectorlabs.com From linker design and synthesis, bioconjugated design and manufacturing, biomolecule labeling and functionalization, and detection system and solutions, our team is here to help you move forward, with impact. Wed, 22 Oct 2025 16:26:50 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/V-favicon-02-100x100.png Protein – VectorLabs https://staging.vectorlabs.com 32 32 Protein–Oligo Conjugation Kit https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/protein-oligo-conjugation-kit/ Thu, 04 May 2023 04:57:33 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=15160 Description

The Protein-Oligo Conjugation Kit is designed to easily and efficiently prepare two separate protein-oligo conjugates. This kit is flexible so that researchers with little or no conjugation experience can make their own custom protein-oligo conjugates to suit their research needs. It includes all of the necessary components, including S-HyNic and S-4FB, for the rapid and specific crosslinking of any protein with any oligo from 20 to 100 nucleotides in length.

The molecular weight range for proteins to be conjugated with this kit is 25,000 to 900,000 Daltons. Protein amounts from 50 – 650 µg at a concentration of 1 – 5 mg/mL in a volume of 50 – 130 µL are suitable for conjugation.

Specifications

Conjugation Targets Protein
Label/Modifier Type Oligonucleotide
Reactivity Amine
Recommended Storage 2° – 8°C – Do Not Freeze
Applications Antibody Labeling, In Situ Proximity Ligation

Kit Components

  • S-HyNic (2 X 1 mg)
  • S-4FB (2 x 1mg)
  • 10X Modification Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 10X Conjugation Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 10X TurboLINK™ Catalyst Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 7kDa MWCO, 0.5 mL Thermo Scientific™ Zeba™ Column (4)
  • Anhydrous DMF (1.5 mL)
  • 2-Hydrazinopyridine (2-HP) (0.5 mL)
  • 2-Sulfobenzaldehyde (2-SB) (0.5 mL)
  • 7kDa MWCO 2 mL Zeba™ Column (2)
  • 10X PBS (1.5 mL)
  • 2 mL Collection Tube (12)
  • Oligo Resuspension Solution (1.0 mL)

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Description

The Protein-Oligo Conjugation Kit is designed to easily and efficiently prepare two separate protein-oligo conjugates. This kit is flexible so that researchers with little or no conjugation experience can make their own custom protein-oligo conjugates to suit their research needs. It includes all of the necessary components, including S-HyNic and S-4FB, for the rapid and specific crosslinking of any protein with any oligo from 20 to 100 nucleotides in length.

The molecular weight range for proteins to be conjugated with this kit is 25,000 to 900,000 Daltons. Protein amounts from 50 – 650 µg at a concentration of 1 – 5 mg/mL in a volume of 50 – 130 µL are suitable for conjugation.

Specifications

Conjugation TargetsProtein
Label/Modifier TypeOligonucleotide
ReactivityAmine
Recommended Storage2° – 8°C – Do Not Freeze
ApplicationsAntibody Labeling, In Situ Proximity Ligation

Kit Components

  • S-HyNic (2 X 1 mg)
  • S-4FB (2 x 1mg)
  • 10X Modification Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 10X Conjugation Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 10X TurboLINK™ Catalyst Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 7kDa MWCO, 0.5 mL Thermo Scientific™ Zeba™ Column (4)
  • Anhydrous DMF (1.5 mL)
  • 2-Hydrazinopyridine (2-HP) (0.5 mL)
  • 2-Sulfobenzaldehyde (2-SB) (0.5 mL)
  • 7kDa MWCO 2 mL Zeba™ Column (2)
  • 10X PBS (1.5 mL)
  • 2 mL Collection Tube (12)
  • Oligo Resuspension Solution (1.0 mL)

Documents

Product FAQs

The Protein-Oligo Conjugation Kit (S-9011) was designed with more flexibility in mind to allow conjugation of any protein greater than about 20 kDa, to an oligonucleotide. No purification material is included in this kit because there are so many different proteins that can be conjugated. This kit also allows for a variable amount of protein to be coupled (from about 50µg up to 650µg).

The Antibody – Oligonucleotide All-in-One Conjugation Kit (A-9202) was designed specifically for simple and reproducible coupling of an oligo to a fixed amount of antibody (100µg). All kit components have been optimized around this amount, which reduces the number of calculations involved and reduces variability in the process. This kit does include purification so the final conjugate is very pure (i.e., no free antibody or oligo remains in the final product), which allows kit usage in very sensitive assays. Since this kit is designed for antibodies, purification is accomplished using a resin that binds to all mammalian IgG antibody isotypes. Yields from this kit are typically 30-60% based on the amount of starting antibody. Longer oligos (60-mers and up) tend to have a lower yield (in the 20-40% range) due to steric hinderance of the antibody binding to the resin.

Citations

Technical Information

I. Introduction

a. Product Description

The Protein-Oligo Conjugation Kit is designed to conjugate a protein with an oligonucleotide. It includes all of the necessary components and protocols for easy and specific crosslinking of any protein with any amino-oligo from 20 to 100 bases in length. This kit is flexible so that researchers with little or no conjugation experience can make their own custom protein-oligo conjugate to suit their needs.

SoluLINK bioconjugation technology converts more than 95% of protein to conjugate when four mole equivalents of oligo are added. High conversion rates, coupled with the unique UV-traceable bond formed during crosslinking, allows for easy purification and identification of the conjugate from the excess oligo using size exclusion purification methods such as HPLC.

b. SoluLINK Bioconjugation Technology

The Protein-Oligo Conjugation Kit uses the superior SoluLINK bioconjugation technology to prepare protein-oligonucleotide conjugates in 3 easy-to-perform steps (Figure 1). The first step is the modification of the oligo with our 4FB crosslinker, followed by the formation of the HyNic modified protein. Finally, simple mixing of the two modified biomolecules will result in the formation of a stable, UV-traceable bond formed by the reaction of a HyNic modified protein with a 4FB modified oligonucleotide.

This technology has many practical advantages compared to previous crosslinking methods:

1. The reaction is high yielding. Routine yields of conjugate are 50-80% based on starting protein.

2. The reaction is efficient: Only 3-4 mole equivalents of oligo are necessary for the protein, >90% of the protein is conjugated.

3. The conjugate bond is extremely stable: The conjugate bond is stable to 92℃ and pH 2.0-10.0.

4. The reaction conditions are mild and do not cause any protein denaturation: unlike thiol-based conjugation protocols, where reducing reagents are required that can compromise the activity of proteins by cleaving disulfide bonds, the HyNic-4FB conjugation couple leaves disulfide bonds intact. No metals, oxidation or reducing reagents are required.

S 9011 F1 jpg 

Figure 1: Schematic representation of the three step process to prepare an antibody-oligonucleotide conjugate using SoluLINK Bioconjugation technology. Initially an antibody is modified with S-HyNic to incorporate HyNic groups and subsequently the HyNic-modified antibody is reacted with a 4FB-modified oligonucleotide.

5. The conjugation is traceable spectrophotometrically. The HyNic-4FB conjugate bond is UV-traceable; it absorbs at 354 nm and has a molar extinction coefficient of 29,000 L/(mol*cm).

6. The modifications of both the HyNic linker on the protein and the 4FB linker on the oligonucleotide are quantifiable using colorimetric assays. The reproducibility of any reaction is facilitated by accurate characterization of all components. The Molar Substitution Ratio (MSR) of linker groups, i.e. the number of HyNic linkers per protein, can be quantified colorimetrically. This kit contains all the reagents necessary to determine the MSRs for both the protein and the oligo.

II. Protein-Oligonucleotide Conjugates: A Review

The diversity and specificity of proteins combined with the specificity of hybridization of oligonucleotides results in unlimited numbers of specific protein detection reagents whose applications are addressed below.

The use of oligo-protein conjugates was initially demonstrated by Sano et al. for protein detection by a technique called immuno-PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) where a 100-mer oligo/antibody conjugate was allowed to bind to its ligand and amplified by PCR demonstrating extremely sensitive protein detection. Since this initial publication there has been a need for a straight forward, efficient and high yielding method for the preparation of these conjugates.

The first generation immuno-PCR protocol was plagued by high background due to non-specific binding of the conjugate and the extreme sensitivity of PCR. This has been overcome by the Proximal Ligation Assay (PLA) developed by Fredriksson and Lundegren. In the PLA assay, two antibodies to different epitopes are conjugated to a 40-mer 5’-phosphorylated oligonucleotide through the 3’-end and 60-mer oligonucleotide conjugated through its 5’-terminus. The two oligo/antibody conjugates are incubated with the sample, allowed to bind to their respective epitopes, the mixture is washed and then incubated with a ‘splint’ oligo that hybridizes across the two oligonucleotides that is subsequently ligated. Following ligation, PCR is performed on the ligated oligo generating a quantifiable signal. In subsequent work the oligo/antibody conjugates used by Fredriksson et al. and others used conjugates using the HyNic-4FB conjugation method. Kozlov et al also describe the use of oligonucleotide/antibody conjugates for the sensitive detection of proteins.

Additionally, oligonucleotide/antibody conjugates have been used for capture of antigens and subsequent addressing to antibody arrays for multiplex detection of proteins as well for cell sorting on the same diagnostic platform. Oligonucleotide/protein conjugates have been also been used in vaccines to increase adjuvanticity using CpG oligonucleotide/protein conjugates.

III. Accessing 4FB-Modified Oligonucleotides

Stable and disulfide-cleavable 4FB oligonucleotides can be obtained in several ways:

  1. 5’-4FB oligonucleotide

    a. 4FB-phosphoramidite: 4FB-Phosphoramidite (1; Figure 2) is available for incorporation of 5’-4FB groups during oligonucleotide solid phase synthesis. Standard coupling protocols are used and the yields are similar to any amino modifier.

    b. 5’-amino oligonucleotides: 5’-amino oligonucleotides may be converted to 5’-4FB modified oligonucleotides in a straightforward high yielding modification step with S-4FB (2; Figure 2).

    The Protein-Oligo Conjugation Kit includes S-4FB and all the reagents and materials required to convert a 5’-amino oligonucleotide to a 5’-4FB-oligonucleotide.

  2. 3’-4FB oligonucleotide:
    3’-Amino oligonucleotides are converted to 3’-4FB modified oligonucleotides in an easy, high yielding modification step with S-4FB (2; Figure 2).
    The Protein-Oligo Conjugation Kit includes S-4FB and all the reagents and disposables required to convert a 3’-amino oligonucleotide to a 3’-4FB-oligonucleotide.
  3. 5’- and 3’-4FB disulfide-cleavable oligonucleotides: 5’- and 3’-amino oligonucleotides may be converted to disulfide-cleavable oligonucleotides using S-SS-4FB (3; Figure 2) in an easy, high yielding modification step.

    S 9011 F2 jpg

Figure 2: Schematic representation of the conversion of an amino-modified oligonucleotide to a 4FB-oligonucleotide with S-4FB (2) (top) and structures of 4FB-phosphoramidite (1) and S-SS-4FB (3), the reagent used to convert an amino-oligonucleotide to a 4FB-SS-oligonucleotide.

IV. The Keys to Successful Conjugation

The following are three crucial requirements that must be fulfilled for a reproducibly successful preparation of a protein-oligonucleotide conjugate using the SoluLINK bioconjugation technology:

  1. Desalting: Prior to modification, the starting protein must be thoroughly desalted, removing all amine contaminants, and exchanged into 1X Modification Buffer.
  2. Protein concentration: The recommended concentration of the protein (1–5mg/ml) must be adhered to in all steps.
  3. Molar substitution ratio: The molar ratio of the HyNic on the protein and the 4FB on the oligo must be determined and within the desired range before continuing to the next step.

Legal Information

SoluLINK® Bioconjugation For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. For additional licensing restrictions, please see the license agreement at vectorlabs.com/solulink-research-license.

Products are for research use only, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures or for use in humans. Products are not for resale without express written permission of Seller. No license under any patent or other intellectual property right of Seller or its licensors is granted or implied by the purchase unless otherwise provided in writing.

Zeba and Thermo Scientific are trademarks of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.

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]]> Protein–Protein Conjugation Kit https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/protein-protein-conjugation-kit/ Thu, 04 May 2023 04:05:06 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=15011 Description

The Protein-Protein Conjugation Kit is designed to easily and efficiently conjugate any two proteins. This kit is flexible so that researchers with little or no bioconjugation experience can make their own custom protein-protein conjugates to suit their research needs. It includes all of the necessary components, including S-HyNic and S-4FB, for the rapid and specific crosslinking of any two proteins.

The molecular weight range for proteins to be conjugated with this kit is 25,000 to 900,000 Daltons. to The molecular weight range for proteins to be conjugated with this kit is 25–950 kDa.

Specifications

Conjugation Targets Protein
Label/Modifier Type Protein
Reactivity Amine
Recommended Storage 2° – 8°C – Do Not Freeze
Applications Antibody Labeling, In Situ Proximity Ligation

Kit Components

  • S-HyNic (2 x 1.0 mg)
  • S-4FB (2 x 1.0 mg)
  • 10X Modification Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 10X Conjugation Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 10X TurboLINK™ Catalyst Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 7kDa, 0.5 mL Thermo Scientific™ Zeba™ Column (10)
  • Anhydrous DMF (2 x 1.5 mL)
  • 2-Hydrazinopyridine (2-HP) reagent (0.5 mL)
  • 0.5mM 2-Sulfobenzaldehyde (2-SB) (0.5 mL)
  • 2 mL Collection Tube (10)
  • 7kDa, 2 mL Zeba™ Column (2)
  • 10X PBS (1.5 mL)

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Description

The Protein-Protein Conjugation Kit is designed to easily and efficiently conjugate any two proteins. This kit is flexible so that researchers with little or no bioconjugation experience can make their own custom protein-protein conjugates to suit their research needs. It includes all of the necessary components, including S-HyNic and S-4FB, for the rapid and specific crosslinking of any two proteins.

The molecular weight range for proteins to be conjugated with this kit is 25,000 to 900,000 Daltons. to The molecular weight range for proteins to be conjugated with this kit is 25–950 kDa.

Specifications

Conjugation TargetsProtein
Label/Modifier TypeProtein
ReactivityAmine
Recommended Storage2° – 8°C – Do Not Freeze
ApplicationsAntibody Labeling, In Situ Proximity Ligation

Kit Components

  • S-HyNic (2 x 1.0 mg)
  • S-4FB (2 x 1.0 mg)
  • 10X Modification Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 10X Conjugation Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 10X TurboLINK™ Catalyst Buffer (1.5 mL)
  • 7kDa, 0.5 mL Thermo Scientific™ Zeba™ Column (10)
  • Anhydrous DMF (2 x 1.5 mL)
  • 2-Hydrazinopyridine (2-HP) reagent (0.5 mL)
  • 0.5mM 2-Sulfobenzaldehyde (2-SB) (0.5 mL)
  • 2 mL Collection Tube (10)
  • 7kDa, 2 mL Zeba™ Column (2)
  • 10X PBS (1.5 mL)

Documents

Technical Information

The ChromaLINK Reaction:

ChromaLINK bioconjugation technology is based on the formation of a stable bis-arylhydrazone formed from an aromatic hydrazine and an aromatic aldehyde. S-HyNic (succinimidyl 6-hydrazinonicotinate acetone hydrazone, SANH) is used to incorporate aromatic hydrazine moieties on biomolecules. S-HyNic is an amine-reactive reagent that directly converts amino groups on biomolecules and surfaces to HyNic groups. S-4FB (succinimidyl 4-formylbenzoate, SFB) is used to convert amino groups to aromatic aldehydes (4-formylbenzamide (4FB) groups). Addition of a HyNic-modified biomolecule to a 4FB-modified biomolecule or surface directly leads to the formation of the conjugate (Figure 1). The bis-arylhydrazone bond is stable up to 92℃ and pH 2.0-10.0. Due to lability of the immunoreactivity of antibodies at low pH, i.e. < 5.0, the recommended pH for antibody conjugation is 6.0. Unlike thiol-based conjugation protocols where reducing reagents are required that can compromise the activity of proteins by cleaving disulfide bonds, the HyNic-4FB conjugation couple leaves disulfide bonds intact. No oxidants, reducing agents, or metals are required in the preparation of conjugate.

S 9010 F1 jpg

Figure 1: Linking chemistry behind ChromaLINK bioconjugation technology.

Fastest, most efficient:

Further enhancing the many advantages of the HyNic/4FB conjugation couple is the discovery by Dirksen et al. that showed aniline catalyzes the formation of this Schiff’s base. This is especially effective for large biomolecule conjugations. In the case of antibody-protein conjugations the addition of 10 mM aniline to the reaction mixture converts >95% of the antibody to conjugate in 2 hours using 1-2 mole equivalents of second protein.

Traceable modification:

Reproducibility of any reaction is dependent on accurate characterization of all components. As both HyNic and 4FB are aromatic, their incorporation can be readily quantified using colorimetric assays.

Traceable conjugation:

The HyNic-4FB conjugate bond is chromophoric. It absorbs light at 354 nm and has a molar extinction coefficient of 29,000 L/(mol*cm).

Furthermore, compared to previous methods, the HyNic/4FB technology offers the following practical advantages:

1)  The reaction goes to completion: In all previous bi-functional linker-based conjugations, the reaction never went to completion, i.e. there was always unconjugated limiting protein in the final product. The HyNic-4FB conjugation couple catalyzed by aniline yields more than 95% conjugate.

2)  The reaction is efficient: The reaction is very stoichiometrically efficient as input of only 1-2 moles of second protein/mole first protein is required for complete conversion to conjugate.

3)  The conjugate bond is extremely stable: the bis-arylhydrazone conjugate bond is stable up to 92℃ and pH 2.0-10.0.

4)  The reaction conditions are extremely mild and do not cause antibody denaturation: unlike thiol-based conjugation protocols where reducing reagents are required that can compromise the activity of proteins by cleaving disulfide bonds, the HyNic-4FB conjugation couple leaves disulfide bonds intact. No metals, oxidizing, or reducing reagents are required.

5)  The conjugation is traceable spectrophotometrically: the HyNic-4FB conjugate bond is chromophoric; it absorbs light at 354 nm and has a molar extinction coefficient of 29,000 L/(mol*cm).

6)  The modifications of both the HyNic moiety on the protein and the 4FB moiety on the protein is quantifiable using a colorimetric assay: the reproducibility of any reaction is dependent on accurate characterization of all components. The Molar Substitution Ratio (MSR; i.e. the number of HyNic groups incorporated per protein) can be quantified colorimetrically as a reaction with 2-sulfobenzaldehyde yields a chromophoric product that absorbs at 350 nm with a molar extinction coefficient of 28,500 L/(mol*cm). The MSR of 4FB groups can be determined colorimetrically by its reaction with 2-hydrazinopyridine forming a hydrazone that absorbs at 348 nm with a molar extinction coefficient of 24,500 L/(mol*cm). This kit contains all the reagents necessary to determine both MSRs. Procedures to guide users through this process are given in the protocol below.

The Keys to Successful Conjugation

The following are three crucial requirements that must be fulfilled for a reproducibly successful preparation of a protein-protein conjugate using the SoluLINK bioconjugation technology:

1. Desalting: prior to modification, the starting proteins must be thoroughly desalted, removing all amine contaminants and exchanging the proteins into 1X Modification Buffer.

2. Protein concentration: the recommended protein concentrations must be adhered to in all steps.

3. Molar substitution ratio: the molar ratio of HyNic on the protein and 4FB on the protein must be determined and within the desired range before continuing to the next step.

Legal Information

SoluLINK® Bioconjugation For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. For additional licensing restrictions, please see the license agreement at vectorlabs.com/solulink-research-license.

Products are for research use only, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures or for use in humans. Products are not for resale without express written permission of Seller. No license under any patent or other intellectual property right of Seller or its licensors is granted or implied by the purchase unless otherwise provided in writing.

Zeba and Thermo Scientific are trademarks of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.

The post Protein–Protein Conjugation Kit appeared first on VectorLabs.

]]> Biotin (Long Arm) Maleimide https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/biotin-long-arm-maleimide/ Sat, 29 Apr 2023 17:46:04 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=13315 Description

Biotin (Long Arm) Maleimide is designed for biotinylating proteins, nucleic acids or other molecules containing one or more thiol groups. The presence of the 6-aminohexanoate spacer arm between the maleimide group and biotin reduces the possibility of steric hinderance. Molecules to be labeled with Biotin (Long Arm) Maleimide require free thiol groups. In the case of proteins, Biotin (Long Arm) Maleimide will react with exposed cysteine residues. Alternatively, free thiols may be generated by reducing disulfide bonds or by modifying other reactive groups such as primary amines with compounds like Traut’s reagent (2-iminothiolane).

Specifications

 
Unit Size 12 mg
Target for Labeling DNA, Oligonucleotides, PNA, Protein, RNA
Recommended Storage Storage in solution not recommended. – 20°C to – 80 °C.
Molecular Weight 479.6
Required Reactive Group Thiol Group
Tag/Group Incorporated Biotin
Safety Title WARNING: NA – www.P65Warnings.ca.gov

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Description

Biotin (Long Arm) Maleimide is designed for biotinylating proteins, nucleic acids or other molecules containing one or more thiol groups. The presence of the 6-aminohexanoate spacer arm between the maleimide group and biotin reduces the possibility of steric hinderance. Molecules to be labeled with Biotin (Long Arm) Maleimide require free thiol groups. In the case of proteins, Biotin (Long Arm) Maleimide will react with exposed cysteine residues. Alternatively, free thiols may be generated by reducing disulfide bonds or by modifying other reactive groups such as primary amines with compounds like Traut’s reagent (2-iminothiolane).

Specifications

 
Unit Size12 mg
Target for LabelingDNA, Oligonucleotides, PNA, Protein, RNA
Recommended StorageStorage in solution not recommended. – 20°C to – 80 °C.
Molecular Weight479.6
Required Reactive GroupThiol Group
Tag/Group IncorporatedBiotin
Safety TitleWARNING: NA – www.P65Warnings.ca.gov

Documents

Citations

Technical Information

Biotin (Long Arm) Maleimide reacts readily under mild acid or neutral pH conditions in aqueous solution with free sulfhydryl groups such as cysteine residues or thiol groups introduced chemically into proteins, nucleic acids, or other macromolecules.

For labeling nucleic acids, thiols can be introduced into DNA, RNA, or oligonucleotides using the 5′ EndTag™ or 3′ EndTag™ nucleic acid labeling systems.

Because of the extraordinary affinity of avidin and streptavidin to biotin and the many biotin-avidin/streptavidin systems available, the biotin label is ideal for a variety of applications including in situ hybridization, blotting, and affinity binding.

The spacer arm in this derivative insures that the biotin is fully accessible to avidin or streptavidin detection systems.

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]]> Biotin (Long Arm) NHS https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/biotin-long-arm-nhs/ Sat, 29 Apr 2023 03:04:00 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=13294 Description

Biotin (Long Arm) NHS is an N-hydroxysuccinimide derivative of biotin with an aminohexanoate spacer arm to provide for maximum accessibility of biotin by avidin and streptavidin conjugates. The reagent will readily couple biotin under mild alkaline conditions to primary amino groups of proteins. Biotin (Long Arm) NHS is ideally suited to label antibodies, hormones or other polypeptide molecules containing lysine residues. The linkage between biotin and proteins produced with this reagent is stable, with no significant loss of biotin on storage. Fifty mg of Biotin (Long Arm) NHS is generally sufficient to label 500 mg of protein.

Specifications

Unit Size 50 mg
Target for Labeling Protein
Recommended Storage Frozen (desiccated). Storage in solution is not recommended.
Molecular Weight 454.6
Chemical Formula C20H30N4O6S
Required Reactive Group Primary Amino Group
Tag/Group Incorporated Biotin
Safety Title WARNING: NA – www.P65Warnings.ca.gov

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Description

Biotin (Long Arm) NHS is an N-hydroxysuccinimide derivative of biotin with an aminohexanoate spacer arm to provide for maximum accessibility of biotin by avidin and streptavidin conjugates. The reagent will readily couple biotin under mild alkaline conditions to primary amino groups of proteins. Biotin (Long Arm) NHS is ideally suited to label antibodies, hormones or other polypeptide molecules containing lysine residues. The linkage between biotin and proteins produced with this reagent is stable, with no significant loss of biotin on storage. Fifty mg of Biotin (Long Arm) NHS is generally sufficient to label 500 mg of protein.

Specifications

Unit Size50 mg
Target for LabelingProtein
Recommended StorageFrozen (desiccated). Storage in solution is not recommended.
Molecular Weight454.6
Chemical FormulaC20H30N4O6S
Required Reactive GroupPrimary Amino Group
Tag/Group IncorporatedBiotin
Safety TitleWARNING: NA – www.P65Warnings.ca.gov

Documents

Citations

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