Alkyl – VectorLabs https://staging.vectorlabs.com From linker design and synthesis, bioconjugated design and manufacturing, biomolecule labeling and functionalization, and detection system and solutions, our team is here to help you move forward, with impact. Wed, 22 Oct 2025 17:21:50 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/V-favicon-02-100x100.png Alkyl – VectorLabs https://staging.vectorlabs.com 32 32 DBCO-acid https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/dbco-acid-2/ Sat, 24 Feb 2024 02:18:08 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=39853 DBCO-acid, product number QBD-11814, is an aza-dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) product used for strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC, also known as ""copper free click chemistry""). The DBCO moiety reacts selectively with azides via SPAAC to form stable triazole linkages. Esterification of the terminal carboxylic acid with N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenol (TFP) allows for reaction with a primary amine. Insoluble in water, DBCO-acid is slightly soluble to sparingly soluble in most organic solvents. Vector Laboratories recommends dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF), or N,N'-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as solvents for this product. DBCO-acid is relatively insensitive to bases and can be used in the presence of aqueous bases. This product is acid sensitive and should not be subjected to pH <5 during reaction or workup.

The published discovery in 2004 of SPAAC, also known as ""copper free click chemistry,"" by Carolyn Bertozzi and coworkers improved the click chemistry toolbox. Toxic copper catalysts were eliminated, making the reaction truly bioorthogonal. By removing the copper(I) catalyst from the reaction, living cells can be labeled with reagents designed for SPAAC. Since the original publication, multiple improvements in strained cyclooctyne reagents resulted in the development of DBCO as a nearly perfect azide partner for SPAAC.

To use DBCO-acid in aqueous media or in cells, it should be conjugated to a water-soluble dPEG® product. Vector Laboratories offers numerous products for this purpose, including amino alcohols and amino acids. We also offer many DBCO-based dPEG® products already prepared for use.

Specifications

Unit Size 100 mg, 1000 mg
Molecular Weight 319.35; single compound
Chemical formula C₂₀H₁₇NO₃
CAS N/A
Purity > 98%
Spacers N/A
Shipping Ambient
Typical solubility properties (for additional information contact Customer Support) DMAC, DMSO, or DMF
Storage and handling -20°C; Always let come to room temperature before opening; be careful to limit exposure to moisture and restore under an inert atmosphere; stock solutions can be prepared with dry solvent and kept for several days (freeze when not in use). dPEG® pegylation compounds are generally hygroscopic and should be treated as such. This will be less noticeable with liquids, but the solids will become tacky and difficult to manipulate, if care is not taken to minimize air exposure.

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Description

DBCO-acid, product number QBD-11814, is an aza-dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) product used for strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC, also known as “”copper free click chemistry””). The DBCO moiety reacts selectively with azides via SPAAC to form stable triazole linkages. Esterification of the terminal carboxylic acid with N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenol (TFP) allows for reaction with a primary amine. Insoluble in water, DBCO-acid is slightly soluble to sparingly soluble in most organic solvents. Vector Laboratories recommends dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), N,N’-dimethylformamide (DMF), or N,N’-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as solvents for this product. DBCO-acid is relatively insensitive to bases and can be used in the presence of aqueous bases. This product is acid sensitive and should not be subjected to pH <5 during reaction or workup.

The published discovery in 2004 of SPAAC, also known as “”copper free click chemistry,”” by Carolyn Bertozzi and coworkers improved the click chemistry toolbox. Toxic copper catalysts were eliminated, making the reaction truly bioorthogonal. By removing the copper(I) catalyst from the reaction, living cells can be labeled with reagents designed for SPAAC. Since the original publication, multiple improvements in strained cyclooctyne reagents resulted in the development of DBCO as a nearly perfect azide partner for SPAAC.

To use DBCO-acid in aqueous media or in cells, it should be conjugated to a water-soluble dPEG® product. Vector Laboratories offers numerous products for this purpose, including amino alcohols and amino acids. We also offer many DBCO-based dPEG® products already prepared for use.

Specifications

Unit Size100 mg, 1000 mg
Molecular Weight319.35; single compound
Chemical formulaC₂₀H₁₇NO₃
CASN/A
Purity> 98%
SpacersN/A
ShippingAmbient
Typical solubility properties (for additional information contact Customer Support)DMAC, DMSO, or DMF
Storage and handling-20°C; Always let come to room temperature before opening; be careful to limit exposure to moisture and restore under an inert atmosphere; stock solutions can be prepared with dry solvent and kept for several days (freeze when not in use). dPEG® pegylation compounds are generally hygroscopic and should be treated as such. This will be less noticeable with liquids, but the solids will become tacky and difficult to manipulate, if care is not taken to minimize air exposure.



Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Inc., Burlington, MA 01803, April, 2008 (ISBN-13: 978-0-12-370501-3; ISBN-10: 0-12-370501-0). Specifically see pp. 726-729 in his Chapter 18 on discrete PEG compounds for pegylation applications.

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

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]]> MPS-Acid https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/mps-acid/ Sat, 24 Feb 2024 02:10:03 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=35984 "MPS-Acid, product number QBD-10323, is 3-maleimidopropanoic acid, a thiol-reactive crosslinker for linking sulfhydryl groups with free amines. Although it is not a dPEG® product, MPS-Acid is a building block for Vector Laboratories' complete line of Maleimide-dPEG®x products. As a crosslinker, the spacer is from the reactive site of the maleimide to the carbonyl carbon of the propanoic acid.

The maleimido group reacts with sulfhydryl groups to form thiol ether bonds. In the range of pH 6.5 – 7.5, the thiol-maleimide reaction is chemoselective. Above pH 7.5, the maleimide group can also react with free amine groups. Consequently, high pH buffers should be avoided when using this product.

This product can be functionalized with an active ester such as N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS); 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenol (TFP); or 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenol (PFP) in order to react with free amines. Alternatively, the acid moiety can be coupled directly to free amines using a water-soluble carbodiimide such as 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)."

Specifications

Unit Size 100 mg, 1000 mg
Molecular Weight 169.13; single compound
Chemical formula C₇H₇NO₄
CAS 7423-55-4
Purity > 98%
Spacers Spacer is 6 atoms and 6.0 Å
Shipping Ambient
Typical solubility properties (for additional information contact Customer Support) Acetonitrile, DMAC, DMSO or water.
Storage and handling -20°C; Always let come to room temperature before opening; be careful to limit exposure to moisture and restore under an inert atmosphere; stock solutions can be prepared with dry solvent and kept for several days (freeze when not in use). dPEG® pegylation compounds are generally hygroscopic and should be treated as such. This will be less noticeable with liquids, but the solids will become tacky and difficult to manipulate, if care is not taken to minimize air exposure.

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Description

MPS-Acid, product number QBD-10323, is 3-maleimidopropanoic acid, a thiol-reactive crosslinker for linking sulfhydryl groups with free amines. Although it is not a dPEG® product, MPS-Acid is a building block for Vector Laboratories’ complete line of Maleimide-dPEG®x products. As a crosslinker, the spacer is from the reactive site of the maleimide to the carbonyl carbon of the propanoic acid.

The maleimido group reacts with sulfhydryl groups to form thiol ether bonds. In the range of pH 6.5 – 7.5, the thiol-maleimide reaction is chemoselective. Above pH 7.5, the maleimide group can also react with free amine groups. Consequently, high pH buffers should be avoided when using this product.

This product can be functionalized with an active ester such as N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS); 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenol (TFP); or 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenol (PFP) in order to react with free amines. Alternatively, the acid moiety can be coupled directly to free amines using a water-soluble carbodiimide such as 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC).

Specifications

Unit Size100 mg, 1000 mg
Molecular Weight169.13; single compound
Chemical formulaC₇H₇NO₄
CAS7423-55-4
Purity> 98%
SpacersSpacer is 6 atoms and 6.0 Å
ShippingAmbient
Typical solubility properties (for additional information contact Customer Support)Acetonitrile, DMAC, DMSO or water.
Storage and handling-20°C; Always let come to room temperature before opening; be careful to limit exposure to moisture and restore under an inert atmosphere; stock solutions can be prepared with dry solvent and kept for several days (freeze when not in use). dPEG® pegylation compounds are generally hygroscopic and should be treated as such. This will be less noticeable with liquids, but the solids will become tacky and difficult to manipulate, if care is not taken to minimize air exposure.



Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See Chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp. 787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

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]]> Mono-sulfone Acid https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/mono-sulfone-acid/ Tue, 19 Sep 2023 20:04:52 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=22412 Description

Mono-sulfone is a thiol-specific labeling reagent that undergo alkylation to generate a thio-ether bond between the protein and mono-sulfone activated reagent. Once mono-sulfone reagent is conjugated to a protein or peptide, exchange reactions leading to deconjugation can be easily avoided by treating the conjugate with a mild reducing agent in a way analogous to the process used for conjugation reactions involving reductive amination.

Specifications

Unit Size 1000 mg, 5 g
Molecular weight 332.37
Chemical composition C17H16O5S
CAS N/A
Solubility DMSO, DMF
Purity >95% (HPLC)
Appearance Grey solid
Storage Conditions -20°C. Desiccate
Shipping Conditions Ambient temperature

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Description

Mono-sulfone is a thiol-specific labeling reagent that undergo alkylation to generate a thio-ether bond between the protein and mono-sulfone activated reagent. Once mono-sulfone reagent is conjugated to a protein or peptide, exchange reactions leading to deconjugation can be easily avoided by treating the conjugate with a mild reducing agent in a way analogous to the process used for conjugation reactions involving reductive amination.

Specifications

Unit Size1000 mg, 5 g
Molecular weight332.37
Chemical compositionC17H16O5S
CASN/A
SolubilityDMSO, DMF
Purity>95% (HPLC)
AppearanceGrey solid
Storage Conditions-20°C. Desiccate
Shipping ConditionsAmbient temperature

Documents

Selected References

  1. Badescu, G., et al. (2014). A New Reagent for Stable Thiol-Specific Conjugation. Bioconjug. Chem., 25(3), 460-9. [PubMed]

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]]> Alkynyl Stearic Acid https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/alkynyl-stearic-acid/ Tue, 19 Sep 2023 19:16:42 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=21778 Description

Alkynyl stearic acid is can be used to identify and characterize the post-translational acylation of proteins using the powerful click chemistry, a simple and robust two-step labeling and detection technique. Due to the very small size of the alkyne group and its complete absence in any natural molecules the presence of alkynyl group does not affect the biodistribution of alkynyl palmitic acid in comparison to the natural palmitic acid making it a suitable substrate for enzymes.

Specifications

Unit Size 5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg
Molecular weight 280.45
Chemical composition C18H32O2
CAS 34450-18-5
Solubility DMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity >95% (H NMR)
Appearance White crystalline
Storage Conditions -20°C.
Shipping Conditions Ambient temperature

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Description

Alkynyl stearic acid is can be used to identify and characterize the post-translational acylation of proteins using the powerful click chemistry, a simple and robust two-step labeling and detection technique. Due to the very small size of the alkyne group and its complete absence in any natural molecules the presence of alkynyl group does not affect the biodistribution of alkynyl palmitic acid in comparison to the natural palmitic acid making it a suitable substrate for enzymes.

Specifications

Unit Size5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg
Molecular weight280.45
Chemical compositionC18H32O2
CAS34450-18-5
SolubilityDMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity>95% (H NMR)
AppearanceWhite crystalline
Storage Conditions-20°C.
Shipping ConditionsAmbient temperature

Documents

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]]> Alkynyl Palmitic Acid https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/alkynyl-palmitic-acid/ Tue, 19 Sep 2023 19:16:41 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=21774 Description

Alkynyl myristic acid is can be used to identify and characterize the post-translational myristylated proteins Alkynyl palmitic acid (15-hexadecynoic acid or Palmitic acid (15-yne)) is a modified palmitic acid with an ω-terminal alkyne. Alkynyl palmitic acid often used to identify and characterize the post-translational S-palmitoylation of proteins using the powerful click chemistry (see References).

Specifications

Unit Size 5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg
Alternative name 15-hexadecynoic acid, Palmitic acid (15-yne)
Molecular weight 252.39
Chemical composition C16H28O2
CAS 99208-90-9
Solubility DMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity >95% (H NMR)
Appearance White crystalline
Storage Conditions -20°C.
Shipping Conditions Ambient temperature

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Description

Alkynyl myristic acid is can be used to identify and characterize the post-translational myristylated proteins Alkynyl palmitic acid (15-hexadecynoic acid or Palmitic acid (15-yne)) is a modified palmitic acid with an ω-terminal alkyne. Alkynyl palmitic acid often used to identify and characterize the post-translational S-palmitoylation of proteins using the powerful click chemistry (see References).

Specifications

Unit Size5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg
Alternative name15-hexadecynoic acid, Palmitic acid (15-yne)
Molecular weight252.39
Chemical compositionC16H28O2
CAS99208-90-9
SolubilityDMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity>95% (H NMR)
AppearanceWhite crystalline
Storage Conditions-20°C.
Shipping ConditionsAmbient temperature

Documents

Selected References

  1. Gray, R. A. V., et al. (2021). Optimized Incorporation of Alkynyl Fatty Acid Analogs for the Detection of Fatty Acylated Proteins using Click Chemistry. JoVE Journal, 10 (3791), 62107. [JoVE Journal]
  2. Li, B., et al. (2020). TMEM132A, a Novel Wnt Signaling Pathway Regulator Through Wntless (WLS) Interaction. Front Cell Dev Biol., 8, 599890. [PubMed]
  3. Lee, M.T., et al. (2020). Dietary sphinganine is selectively assimilated by members of themammaliangut microbiome. J Lipid Res . [PubMed]
  4. White, F. K. H., et al. (2019). S-Palmitoylation of junctophilin-2 is critical for its role in tethering the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem., 294 (36), 13487-13501. [PubMed]

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]]> Alkynyl Myristic Acid https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/alkynyl-myristic-acid/ Tue, 19 Sep 2023 19:16:18 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=21768 Description

Alkynyl myristic acid is can be used to identify and characterize the post-translational myristylated proteins using a simple and robust two-step labeling and detection technique. Due to the very small size of the alkyne group and its complete absence in any natural molecules the presence of the alkyne group does not affect the biodistribution of alkynyl myristic acid in comparison to the natural palmitic acid making it a suitable substrate for enzymes.

Specifications

Unit Size 5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg
Molecular weight 244.32
Chemical composition C14H24O2
CAS 82909-47-5
Solubility DMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity >95% (H NMR)
Appearance White crystalline
Storage Conditions -20°C.
Shipping Conditions Ambient temperature

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Description

Alkynyl myristic acid is can be used to identify and characterize the post-translational myristylated proteins using a simple and robust two-step labeling and detection technique. Due to the very small size of the alkyne group and its complete absence in any natural molecules the presence of the alkyne group does not affect the biodistribution of alkynyl myristic acid in comparison to the natural palmitic acid making it a suitable substrate for enzymes.

Specifications

Unit Size5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg
Molecular weight244.32
Chemical compositionC14H24O2
CAS82909-47-5
SolubilityDMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity>95% (H NMR)
AppearanceWhite crystalline
Storage Conditions-20°C.
Shipping ConditionsAmbient temperature

Documents

Selected References

  1. Gray, R. A. V., et al. (2021). Optimized Incorporation of Alkynyl Fatty Acid Analogs for the Detection of Fatty Acylated Proteins using Click Chemistry. JoVE Journal, 10 (3791), 62107. [JoVE Journal]
 

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]]> Azido Myristic Acid https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/azido-myristic-acid/ Tue, 19 Sep 2023 19:15:53 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=21763 Description

Azido Myristic Acid (also sold as Click-iT® myristic acid, azide) can be used to identify and characterize post-translationally myristylated proteins with using a simple and robust two-step labeling and detection technique. Due to the very small size of the azide group and its complete absence in any natural molecules the presence of azide group does affect the biodistribution of azido palmitic acid in comparison to the natural palmitic acid making it a suitable substrate for enzymes.

Specifications

Unit Size 5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg
Molecular weight 241.33
Chemical composition C12H23N3O2
CAS 80667-36-3
Solubility DMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity >95% (H NMR)
Appearance White crystalline
Storage Conditions -20°C.
Shipping Conditions Ambient temperature

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Description

Azido Myristic Acid (also sold as Click-iT® myristic acid, azide) can be used to identify and characterize post-translationally myristylated proteins with using a simple and robust two-step labeling and detection technique. Due to the very small size of the azide group and its complete absence in any natural molecules the presence of azide group does affect the biodistribution of azido palmitic acid in comparison to the natural palmitic acid making it a suitable substrate for enzymes.

Specifications

Unit Size5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg 
Molecular weight241.33
Chemical compositionC12H23N3O2
CAS80667-36-3
SolubilityDMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity>95% (H NMR)
AppearanceWhite crystalline
Storage Conditions-20°C.
Shipping ConditionsAmbient temperature

Documents

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]]> Azido Palmitic Acid https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/azido-palmitic-acid/ Tue, 19 Sep 2023 19:15:51 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=21759 Description

Azido Palmitic Acid (also sold as Click-iT® palmitic acid, azide) can be used to identify and characterize post-translationally palmitylated proteins with using a simple and robust two-step labeling and detection technique. Due to the very small size of the azide group and its complete absence in any natural molecules the presence of azide group does not affect the biodistribution of azido palmitic acid in comparison to the natural palmitic acid making it a suitable substrate for enzymes.

Specifications

Unit Size 5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg
Molecular weight 283.41
Chemical composition C15H29N3O2
CAS 118162-46-2
Solubility DMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity >95% (H NMR)
Appearance White crystalline
Storage Conditions -20°C.
Shipping Conditions Ambient temperature

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Description

Azido Palmitic Acid (also sold as Click-iT® palmitic acid, azide) can be used to identify and characterize post-translationally palmitylated proteins with using a simple and robust two-step labeling and detection technique. Due to the very small size of the azide group and its complete absence in any natural molecules the presence of azide group does not affect the biodistribution of azido palmitic acid in comparison to the natural palmitic acid making it a suitable substrate for enzymes.

Specifications

Unit Size5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg
Molecular weight283.41
Chemical compositionC15H29N3O2
CAS118162-46-2
SolubilityDMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity>95% (H NMR)
AppearanceWhite crystalline
Storage Conditions-20°C.
Shipping ConditionsAmbient temperature

Documents

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]]> 6-Azidohexanoic Acid https://staging.vectorlabs.com/products/6-azidohexanoic-acid/ Tue, 19 Sep 2023 17:43:39 +0000 https://staging.vectorlabs.com/?post_type=product&p=21225 Description

6-Azidohexanoic acid is a six carbon saturated fatty acid with an ω-terminal azide group. This building block that can be reacted with primary amine groups in the presence activators (e.g. EDC, or DCC) forming a stable amide bond. The terminal azide group allows conjugation with compounds containing alkyne groups through a copper(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction, also known as click chemistry. 6-Azidohexanoic acid is commonly used as a linker that is first acylated to one compound to create a derivative that can then be joined to another compound using click chemistry.

Specifications

Unit Size 1 g, 5 g, 25 g
Molecular weight 157.17
Chemical composition C6H11N3O2
CAS 79598-53-1
Solubility DMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity >95% (HPLC)
Appearance Colorless to slightly yellow oil
Storage Conditions -20°C.
Shipping Conditions Ambient temperature

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Description

6-Azidohexanoic acid is a six carbon saturated fatty acid with an ω-terminal azide group. This building block that can be reacted with primary amine groups in the presence activators (e.g. EDC, or DCC) forming a stable amide bond. The terminal azide group allows conjugation with compounds containing alkyne groups through a copper(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction, also known as click chemistry. 6-Azidohexanoic acid is commonly used as a linker that is first acylated to one compound to create a derivative that can then be joined to another compound using click chemistry.

Specifications

Unit Size1 g, 5 g, 25 g
Molecular weight157.17
Chemical compositionC6H11N3O2
CAS79598-53-1
SolubilityDMSO, DMF, DCM, THF, Chloroform
Purity>95% (HPLC)
AppearanceColorless to slightly yellow oil
Storage Conditions-20°C.
Shipping ConditionsAmbient temperature

Documents

Selected References

  1. Esser-Kahn, A. P., et al. (2020). Pathogen-like Nanoassemblies of Covalently Linked TLR Agonists Enhance CD8 and NK Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity. ACS Cent. Sci., 10, 1021. [ACS Publications]
  2. Manna, S., et al. (2018). Immunomodulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome through Structure-Based Activator Design and Functional Regulation via Lysosomal Rupture. ACS Cent. Sci., 4(8), 982-95. [PubMed]

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