Description

Bis-Bromoacetamido-dPEG®11, product number QBD-11338, is a thiol-reactive, homobifunctional crosslinker, with the two reactive ends separated by a medium-length (44 atoms, 47.5 Å), single molecular weight, discrete polyethylene glycol (dPEG®) spacer. Both ends of the dPEG® spacer terminate with bromoacetyl groups that connect to the dPEG® crossbridge through amide bonds.

Bromoacetyl-functionalized reagents are useful alternatives to maleimide-functionalized reagents. The bromoacetyl group reacts with sulfhydryl groups at pH 8 or higher. Maleimide groups are chemoselective for thiols at pH 6.5 – 7.5 and lose selectivity at higher pH values. Bromoacetyl-thiol reaction rates are somewhat slower than maleimide-thiol reaction rates.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Inc., Burlington, MA 01803, April, 2008 (ISBN-13: 978-0-12-370501-3; ISBN-10: 0-12-370501-0). Specifically see pp. 726-729 in his Chapter 18 on discrete PEG compounds for pegylation applications.

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

Description

Bromoacetamido-dPEG®24-amido-DBCO, product number QBD-11224, combines a thiol-reactive bromoacetyl group with dibenzylcyclooctyne (DBCO, also known as DIBAC), a copper-free click chemistry reactive group. The two reactive groups link via a long (76 atoms, 90.0 Å), flexible, single molecular weight, discrete polyethylene glycol (dPEG®) linker. The bromoacetyl group reacts chemoselectively with thiols at pH ≥ 8.0. This differs from the maleimide group, which reacts chemoselectively with sulfhydryls within the range of pH 6.5 – 7.5. The DBCO moiety is a strained cyclooctyne ring flanked by two benzyl rings on either side. DBCO was designed for strain promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), also known as copper-free click chemistry.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Inc., Burlington, MA 01803, April, 2008 (ISBN-13: 978-0-12-370501-3; ISBN-10: 0-12-370501-0). Specifically see pp. 726-729 in his Chapter 18 on discrete PEG compounds for pegylation applications.

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

Description

Bromoacetamido-dPEG®12-amido-DBCO, product number QBD-11223, combines a thiol-reactive bromoacetyl group with dibenzylcyclooctyne (DBCO, also known as DIBAC), a copper-free click chemistry reactive group. The two reactive groups link via a medium-length (40 atoms, 46.1 Å), flexible, single molecular weight, discrete polyethylene glycol (dPEG®) linker. The bromoacetyl group reacts chemoselectively with thiols at pH ≥ 8.0. This differs from the maleimide group, which reacts chemoselectively with sulfhydryls within the range of pH 6.5 – 7.5. The DBCO moiety is a strained cyclooctyne ring flanked by two benzyl rings on either side. DBCO was designed for strain promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), also known as copper-free click chemistry.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Inc., Burlington, MA 01803, April, 2008 (ISBN-13: 978-0-12-370501-3; ISBN-10: 0-12-370501-0). Specifically see pp. 726-729 in his Chapter 18 on discrete PEG compounds for pegylation applications.

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

Description

Bromoacetamido-dPEG®4-amido-DBCO, product number QBD-11221, combines a thiol-reactive bromoacetyl group with dibenzylcyclooctyne (DBCO, also known as DIBAC), a copper-free click chemistry reactive group. The two reactive groups link via a short (16 atoms, 17.9 Å), flexible, single molecular weight, discrete polyethylene glycol (dPEG®) linker. The bromoacetyl group reacts chemoselectively with thiols at pH ≥ 8.0. This differs from the maleimide group, which reacts chemoselectively with sulfhydryls within the range of pH 6.5 – 7.5. The DBCO moiety is a strained cyclooctyne ring flanked by two benzyl rings on either side. DBCO was designed for strain promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), also known as copper-free click chemistry.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Inc., Burlington, MA 01803, April, 2008 (ISBN-13: 978-0-12-370501-3; ISBN-10: 0-12-370501-0). Specifically see pp. 726-729 in his Chapter 18 on discrete PEG compounds for pegylation applications.

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

Description

Bromoacetamido-dPEG®3-azide, product number QBD-11217, is discrete PEG (dPEG®) crosslinker that facilitates the crosslinking of free thiols with click chemistry alkyne partners across a short (16 atoms, 17.5 Å) single molecular weight PEG bridge.

The short, amphiphilic dPEG® linker adds hydrodynamic volume to conjugate molecules and increases their water solubility. The flexible, non-immunogenic spacer can reduce or eliminate renal clearance and help shield conjugates from opsonization through the increased hydrodynamic volume the dPEG® linker imparts.

The bromoacetate moiety reacts chemoselectively with free thiols at pH >8.0. It is an alternative to the maleimide group and is used in situations where the target molecule needs to be at a high pH. The azide group reacts with a suitable alkyne partner via metal-catalyzed (Cu, Ru) or strain-promoted (copper-free) click chemistry. Moreover, Bromoacetamido-dPEG®3-azide is stable, unlike MAL-PEG-azide constructs, which are somewhat unstable.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Inc., Burlington, MA 01803, April, 2008 (ISBN-13: 978-0-12-370501-3; ISBN-10: 0-12-370501-0). Specifically see pp. 726-729 in his Chapter 18 on discrete PEG compounds for pegylation applications.

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

Description

Bromoacetamido-dPEG®23-azide, product number QBD-11205, is discrete PEG (dPEG®) crosslinker that facilitates the crosslinking of free thiols with click chemistry alkyne partners across a long (76 atoms, 88.5 Å) single molecular weight PEG bridge.

The long, amphiphilic dPEG® linker adds hydrodynamic volume to conjugate molecules and increases their water solubility. The flexible, non-immunogenic spacer reduces or eliminates renal clearance and helps shield conjugates from opsonization through the increased hydrodynamic volume the dPEG® linker imparts.

The bromoacetate moiety reacts chemoselectively with free thiols at pH >8.0. It is an alternative to the maleimide group and is used in situations where the target molecule needs to be at a high pH. The azide group reacts with a suitable alkyne partner via metal-catalyzed (Cu, Ru) or strain-promoted (copper-free) click chemistry. Moreover, Bromoacetamido-dPEG®23-azide is stable, unlike MAL-PEG-azide constructs, which are somewhat unstable.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Inc., Burlington, MA 01803, April, 2008 (ISBN-13: 978-0-12-370501-3; ISBN-10: 0-12-370501-0). Specifically see pp. 726-729 in his Chapter 18 on discrete PEG compounds for pegylation applications.

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

Description

Bromoacetamido-dPEG®11-azide, product number QBD-11204, crosslinks free thiols with click chemistry alkyne partners across a medium-length (39 atoms, 46.0 Å) single molecular weight, discrete PEG (dPEG®) bridge.

The medium-length dPEG® linker is amphiphilic and adds hydrodynamic volume and water solubility to conjugate molecules. The flexible, non-immunogenic spacer can reduce or eliminate renal clearance and help shield conjugates from opsonization through the increased hydrodynamic volume the dPEG® linker imparts.

The bromoacetate moiety reacts chemoselectively with free thiols at pH >8.0. The bromoacetate group is an alternative to the maleimide group and is used in situations where the target molecule needs to be at a high pH. The azide group reacts with a suitable alkyne partner via metal-catalyzed (Cu, Ru) or strain-promoted (copper-free) click chemistry. Moreover, Bromoacetamido-dPEG®11-azide is stable, unlike MAL-PEG-azide constructs, which are somewhat unstable.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

Description

Bromoacetamido-dPEG®24-TFP ester, product number QBD-11203, is a long (78 atoms, 91.2 Å), single molecular weight, discrete PEG (dPEG®) crosslinker functionalized with a thiol-reactive bromoacetate group on one end and an amine-reactive 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl (TFP) ester on the other.

The long, flexible, non-immunogenic dPEG® crosslinker increases the hydrodynamic volumes of conjugates in aqueous media, thereby increasing water solubility. The increased hydrodynamic volume can reduce or eliminate conjugate molecules’ renal clearance and shield conjugates from opsonization.

The bromoacetate moiety is an alternative to the maleimide group, reacting chemoselectively with free thiols at pH ≥8.0. It is useful for situations where the conjugate molecule needs to be kept at a high pH, above the range where maleimides can be used effectively, or in constructs where maleimide groups are unstable.

TFP esters are an alternate reactive group to the N-hydroxysuccinimidyl (NHS) ester and reacts with amines at an optimal pH range of 7.5 – 8.0, higher than the optimal range for NHS esters (pH 7.0 – 7.5). TFP esters are more hydrolytically stable than NHS esters, and they are more reactive toward amines in their optimal pH range than NHS esters are within the pH range 7.0 – 7.5.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

Description

Bromoacetamido-dPEG®12-TFP ester, product number QBD-11202, is a medium-length (42 atoms, 48.7 Å), single molecular weight, discrete PEG (dPEG®) crosslinker functionalized with a thiol-reactive bromoacetate group on one end and an amine-reactive 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl (TFP) ester on the other.

The medium-length, flexible, non-immunogenic dPEG® crosslinker increases the hydrodynamic volumes of conjugates in aqueous media, thereby increasing water solubility. The increased hydrodynamic volume can reduce or eliminate conjugate molecules’ renal clearance and shield conjugates from opsonization.

The bromoacetate moiety is an alternative to the maleimide group, reacting chemoselectively with free thiols at pH ≥8.0. It is useful for situations where the conjugate molecule needs to be kept at a high pH (≥8.0), above the range where maleimides can be used effectively, or in constructs where maleimide groups are unstable.

TFP esters are an alternate reactive group to the N-hydroxysuccinimidyl (NHS) ester and reacts with amines at an optimal pH range of 7.5 – 8.0, higher than the optimal range for NHS esters (pH 7.0 – 7.5). TFP esters are more hydrolytically stable than NHS esters, and they are more reactive toward amines in their optimal pH range than NHS esters are within the pH range 7.0 – 7.5.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.

Description

Bromoacetamido-dPEG®4-TFP ester, product number QBD-11200, is a short (18 atoms, 20.4 Å), single molecular weight, discrete PEG (dPEG®) crosslinker functionalized with a thiol-reactive bromoacetate group on one end and an amine-reactive 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl (TFP) ester on the other.

The short, flexible, non-immunogenic dPEG® crosslinker increases the hydrodynamic volumes of conjugates in aqueous media, thereby increasing water solubility. The increased hydrodynamic volume can reduce or eliminate conjugate molecules’ renal clearance and shield conjugates from opsonization.

The bromoacetate moiety is an alternative to the maleimide group, reacting chemoselectively with free thiols at pH ≥8.0. It is useful for situations where the conjugate molecule needs to be kept at a high pH (≥8.0), above the range where maleimides can be used effectively, or in constructs where maleimide groups are unstable.

TFP esters are an alternate reactive group to N-hydroxysuccinimidyl (NHS) esters and react with amines at an optimal pH range of 7.5 – 8.0, higher than the optimal range for NHS esters (pH 7.0 – 7.5). TFP esters are more hydrolytically stable than NHS esters, and they are more reactive toward amines in their optimal pH range than NHS esters are within the pH range 7.0 – 7.5.

Specifications

Documents

References

Greg T. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.787-821, for a full overview of the dPEG® products.